extension. Start ' milk on the lips '.
What you can see in the film ' Hakery' -small baby talk. IT world is much more interesting and zakovyrestee. How are the program? .
I'll ask as we consider that in practice the process of production of software can be very different from that described. Here is a medium variant of the process.
Previously we have discussed various specializations, and it was mentioned that the application programmers have more specialization: game developer, interface developer, the developer of server systems, etc. Dr.. In addition, the description of the majors, not tied to specific positions, not inscribed in the technological chain of production software, and perceived little confusing clarifies. Therefore, this section will describe a model of the technological chain of production software. The most fully realized in this chain of software companies. In parts of the ACS is considerably reduced. I'll rely on his description of a complete, detailed production technology software. Bureaucratic side (signing contracts, etc. ) I will produce, if possible, to lower.
It all starts with the order. This may be a Division automated internal order, or an external request from the client, or the development of packaged product. For larger orders outside the client can conduct competitive bidding. Once the client has expressed interest in a proposal from the company and is ready to cooperate further or boxed product decision on whether its development order for development is transferred to the IT-department, the head of IT-department. Head of the Department is studying information:.
about the client,.
of his order,.
of the estimated cost of the project ' by eye '.
estimated ' coarseness ' customer (' pull ' Does he own ' Wishlist ', m. e. how seriously to take it ).
about the prospects of the client ( how likely is it that in the future, he once again turn to the order),.
boxed product to the market volume is estimated and its dynamics.
Based on this information, department head shall designate a project manager with relevant experience, knowledge. Since then, a new project begins its life, the appointed project manager has overall responsibility for project implementation.
The main document is a draft Terms of Reference ( TOR). It determines the amount of work it is formed on the basis of the project budget, work plan drawn up. Any claim by a project will always be viewed through the prism of the terms of reference that is made that is not done. So, if you as a programmer involved in the project, never based their actions on a verbal agreement! . Involved in drafting TOR Analyst. An analyst with the project manager is studying the problem in detail and formalizes the problem. If the task is large in scale, or when its decision has a number of technological difficulties, the TK involved in drafting the system architect and lead programmer. Often they are at this stage are used for hedging, t. e. the task is not difficult, but you never know what - it is better to ask again once more to consult than to zalatyvat holes in the TOR. System architect will tell you how best to solve the problem, make a rough sketch of the system architecture. The result of his work will be conceptual design, a generalized structural and functional diagram of the program. Lead Programmer will indicate by what technology is better to implement the proposed architecture of the project and tell the project manager of the programmers who are better suited for the implementation of one or another part of the project. The result of the lead programmer in the preparation of TOR is a partial specification ( CTZ ). Terms of Reference approved by the head of the department and signed by the customer, along with the plan of works.
After formalizing the problem, the signing of TK, the budget of the project manager assembles a team that will implement the project. To get people to your project manager provides application project coordinator (if the organization does not have the post of Project Coordinator, the head of IT-department ). The coordinator assesses availability at this time programmers or those with a mass of low current projects and approves the final list of project team.
By the time the project manager involved in making the necessary technical resources for project. You may need to purchase additional computers, expanding the state with programmers due to a lack of available workers, etc. n.
The application for purchase of additional equipment is supplied to the department of system administration. There also is sought for the creation of the necessary network resources of the project ( a working group in the domain, the working folder, a new project in the version control system, etc.). Senior Systems Administrator processes the request for the purchase of equipment. In accordance with the policy of purchasing vehicles at the request of the company selected a specific configuration of a computer is added to the equipment required to connect equipment to a local information network organization is buying. System administrators perform configuration and installation of computer software:.
...
Help-desk specialists set up computers.
Administrators services prescribed in the new computer network services, create a project network resources.
If you need to hire additional specialists, at the request of the Project Manager, Human Resources submits the announcement of the engagement and provides the first rough selection of applicants. For those who are just starting to build their career is important to know. The first contact with you will make no technician! . Since the hiring manager is not a technician, it is simply a piece of paper checks is that specified in his application for compliance with that stated in the resume, employment record, diploma. Quite bluntly compared: in the application for employment is the word of Delphi, in summary, too, is the word of Delphi - hence suitable. Also conducted a study shared a conversation. At this stage, you have to be just a pleasant person with whom they want to deal. Then the applicants are directed to the project, which will hold interviews with the technical. If the project has already been assigned a leading developer, the interviews can be very detailed - you drive on the full range of technologies that are expected to be used in the project. It is at this stage, frequent writing assignments on the spot or even home. Final approval of candidates carries the head of department. Often this is the third interview. It is common, and there is no technical need to finally resolve the issues of wages, working hours, etc.. Project Manager before this can tell you about the internal order, the salary, but he can not change anything. At this point all questions to the head of. And, if mutual agreement is reached, then consider that you have taken.
Thus, the project manager has been prepared by technique, color people are hired, missing. In the case enters the system architect. He was previously connected to the project in the preparation of TOR. Now his task - to supervise the project closely. According to the generalized structural and functional schemes drawn up detailed structural and functional circuits that are discussed in great detail with the lead programmer of the project. Leading programmers in the project may be several. This is done when the project is very large and is broken into pieces. The implementation of each part of the project assigned to the individual leading the programmer. Lead Programmer Project divides the project into separate tasks and gives them to the project developers to write stand-alone modules. Completed tasks your worker shall programmers programmer who carries out the assembly of modules and compiles the project as a whole ( as they say, puts build the project).
On the basis of build installers (also a variety of highly specialized programmers ) are preparing an installation package. The package gets to the testers for testing. Testers form a list of errors with details of actions in which the error occurred. Lead Programmer appoint someone who will eliminate the error ( t. to. Lead Programmer for the description of the error is about, in which module the error occurred, and he knows who did this module ).
In parallel, work on the software code being developed software documentation, help- files are written. This involved ' techraytery ' (tech. writer), t. e. technical writers in translation.
The project highlighted the interface specialists who are working on a graphical interface communicates with the user. Designed on-screen and printed forms. Monitored so that all forms have a single style.
Program code written by different programmers, should be uniform, easy to read, which will facilitate further reuse. To do this, the code checks the quality control department.
Interns, as a laborer in the project entrusted with the implementation of small-scale works: go to the customer and install the module to change the customer's setup to run off to the testers, so they specifically showed where they had an error ' popped '. Often, interns, even a single job does not produce.
Constantly there is coordination of work with the customer. According to the plan it shall be the intermediate stages of work. In the course of the project is refined and TK can be corrected. This additional application is made. As the work progressed the programmers often have to go back to the modules already written and modify them, or on request or at the request of the department of quality, either due to errors detected during testing, or in solving the project manager, system architect, lead programmer to change something . Often used in an iterative way to develop. This is when the program first implemented the basic functionality, then the evolution of the customer's requirements and adjustments in the project run smaller study in the program.
Do you feel like all hard turns? . Here it is, work a hell of a project manager! . However, these methodologies are often more difficult to work. Too much marketing around tinsel. Novice programmers to build their careers, I recommend to completely ignore ads on the requirement to know the design methodology RUP and t. n. If the job you like, but there is such a fad, and you do not know any methodology, it is still safely send your resume. Rather, the employer himself for the marketing babble is not completely understood and did not know these methodologies. Just as is now fashionable.
When the program is finished, the next phase of the project - delivery. Customer is given the final release of the program and, if everything is made in accordance with the TOR and the customer has no claims to the execution of the order, the acceptance certificate signed by the. Very often at this stage, the customer makes a lot of comments and new ' hotelok '. That's where strict adherence to TK plays a major role! . Otherwise, it shall become lawyers. It 's not all! . I have known cases delayed for 2 years! . The project is considered complete only when it is full payment will be made with the customer, all project participants paid premiums, and the case was handed over to the archive.
But, how? .